Midi Music from DNA, Proteins and Math

Music from: DNA / Proteins / Math

Mathematica Music - Bio2Midi Music - Bibliography/Web Links

Dr. Ron Rusay¹, Dr.Veikko Keränen², Erik Jensen³, Thomas Dunham⁴

1) DiabloValley College 2) Rovaniemi Polytechnic, Institute of Technology, Finland

3) University of California, Berkeley 4) California State University, Hayward

Music was produced from higher alegebra, that is, based on an Abelian square-free string over a four letter alphabet. The Abelian square-free string was discovered by Professor Veikko Keränen. It is generated by an endomorphism g over a four letter alphabet {a,b,c,d}.

Music by Ron Rusay generated from protein strings using Bio2MIDI written by John Dunn, Algorithmic Arts: http://algoart.com with Bio2MIDI documentation support from:

Dr. Mary Anne Clark, Texas Wesleyan University: http://www.txwesleyan.edu/biology/macclark

Play the pairs of enzymes and compare their differences.

Save Source to Desktop
Mouse Trypsin Human Trypsin	Mouse Trypsin Human Trypsin
Bacterial Rhodopsin Human Rhodopsin	Bacterial Rhodopsin Human Rhodopsin
Human Acetylcholinesterase (Serine Protease) Human Trypsin (Serine Protease)	Human Acetylcholinesterase (Serine Protease) Human Trypsin (Serine Protease)

Trypsin is an important digestive enzyme that breaks peptide bonds in proteins.
Rhodopsin is an important enzyme which responds to light and plays a key role in Vision.
Acetycholinesterase is an important enzyme associated with neuro-transmission and involved

with the neurotoxicity of nerve gases and certain insecticides.

Research-Based Learning Exercise

Are you a man or a mouse? i.e. homo sapiens or mus spp.?

The above music was produced from a portion of the enzyme, trypsin, and includes the key amino acid residue that defines the active site.

(1) Is it possible to identify whether the musical signature is from

a human or a rodent and (2) can the active site be distinguished?

Click for Correct Answers.

Follow slides from a presentation at Columbia University and test the ability to distinguish between sickle cell hemoglobin and normal hemoglobin by differences in their music: http://chemconnections.org/Presentations/Columbia/slide8-3.html

Bibliography /Web Links:

DNA Musical Atlas part of the larger Nucleic Acid Database (NDB)

DNA and Protein Music Definitive Collection of Educational and Commercial Links to Music, Reviews, Publications, Algorithms, Communications and more from Rockefeller University.

Life Music An excellent paper by two leaders in the area of producing music from DNA and proteins, John Dunn and Mary Anne Clark. Published on-line by MIT Press.

Protein Music An excellent collection of midi, Real audio and graphic files for several proteins from Mary Anne Clark using BIOSON music software developed by John Dunn. "Hear " the amino acid sequence of the lens protein gamma crystallin. This piece and the others listed below were produced from the primary and secondary structure of protein sequences. In each piece, pitch is determined by amino acid identity and instrumentation is chosen according to protein folding pattern, with different instruments representing regions of alpha-helix, beta-strands and turns. Includes meta-"blue"-Rhodopsin, Immunoglobulin, Collagen and others.

MIDI Home Page An excellent general midi primer with links.

Selected MIDI File Sites

Microcosmic Music A commercial site with "DNA" music generated from Infrared spectra of the four genetic bases: A, G, C and T. ( .shtml download)

MIDI Farm: Links to many Free Files

The Classical Music Pages

Classical MIDI Archives

"Musical Representations of the Fibonacci String and Proteins Using Mathematica",

Abstract

Paper

IMS 99

e-mail: rrusay@dvc,edu